Diabetes Mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood glucose (sugar) levels due to the body's inability to produce enough insulin, use insulin effectively, or both. The main forms are Type 1 Diabetes, in which the immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and Type 2 Diabetes, which is often associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic factors. Over time, poorly controlled diabetes can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, vision loss, and stroke. Management includes healthy lifestyle changes, regular monitoring of blood glucose, and medications such as insulin or other glucose-lowering drugs.
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